Swelling and inflammation are problems that can lead to the pain you are feeling. To help decrease inflammation, and therefore pain, it is important to follow a healthy, well-balanced diet. The Food Guide Pyramid can help you to make wise choices by including a variety of whole grains, fruits and vegetables and eating sugar, sodium and fat in moderation. It is also important to choose more fresh foods and limit processed foods, as these have been known to lead to inflammation.
Grains:
- Choose whole grains like whole wheat bread, brown rice, and whole grain cereals.
- Try to avoid processed or refined grains- meaning that they are white and the good parts (fiber and B-vitamins) have been removed.
Vegetables and Fruits:
- All are good sources of fiber, vitamins, and minerals.
- Make sure to get a variety of color to get all of the nutrients and aim for at least 5 servings daily.
- Vitamin C
- An antioxidant that fights inflammation
- Supports healthy connective tissue
- Involved in collagen formation
- Sources: broccoli, melons, oranges, mango, sweet potato, spinach, collard and mustard greens, strawberries, red bell peppers, kiwi, pineapple, Brussels sprouts, tomatoes
- Magnesium
- Works with calcium to promote bone formation
- Sources: seeds, nuts, legumes, unrefined cereal grains, dark green leafy vegetables
- Antioxidants and Phytochemicals
- Have anti-inflammatory properties
- Choose berries and other brightly colored fruit and vegetables
- Boron
- Some studies have shown this trace mineral to help with osteoarthritis
- Helps cartilage and bone to absorb calcium
- Sources: apples, legumes, leafy vegetables, carrots, pears, grapes, grains, some drinking water
Fats and Oils:
- Total fat 25-35% of calories
- Choose healthy fats from unsaturated sources
- Olive oil has been shown to reduce pain and inflammation – can be used in place of vegetable oil in baking
- Focus on Omega-3 fatty acids
- Powerful anti-inflammatory agent
- Sources: cold water oily fish (salmon, tuna, mackerel, anchovies, herring, sardines, lake trout), walnuts, flaxseed, canola oil, pumpkin seeds, soybeans
- Speak to your doctor if you are interested in adding fish oil for flax supplements
- Limit saturated fat from animal sources to less than 7% of total calories
- An 1800 calorie meal plan should have <60 grams total fat and <14 grams saturated fat
Dairy:
- Choose low fat or fat free dairy products daily
- Low fat calcium products have been found to promote wt loss
- Calcium
- Contributes to positive bone growth and maintenance of bone density
- Sources: low fat/fat free milk, yogurt and cheese, fortified soy milk and orange juice, dark green leafy vegetables, canned sardines and salmon with bones
- Vitamin D
- Low levels of vitamin D can lead to more rapid progression of osteoarthritis
- Sources: fish-liver oil, butter and cream, egg yolks, liver, fortified milk and dairy products, fortified cereals
Protein:
- Needed to build healthy tissues
- Choose lean poultry, fish and seafood, nuts, legumes and seeds
- Fatty red meat may trigger inflammation- choose lean cuts and limit
- Soy proteins
- May held reduce pain and inflammation
- Sources: soybeans, soy nuts, tofu and soy milk
- Try to limit processed soy foods
Written by Julie Katz, Registered Dietitian- Baltimore, MD